A previously unknown postcard sent by Adolf Hitler when he was a soldier in World War I has been uncovered in a European history project.
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Unknown Hitler postcard discovery
The city that was the center of Adolf Hitler’s empire is littered with reminders of the Nazi past, from the bullet holes that pit the fronts of many buildings to the hulking Luftwaffe headquarters that now house the Finance Ministry. Read full article > >
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In Germany, attitudes toward ‘Mein Kampf’ slowly changing
Is love blind or merely obstinate? Two women, two tales of indifference.
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T Magazine: Romancing the Reich
Hank Williams Jr. is apologizing for using an analogy to Adolf Hitler in discussing President Barack Obama that prompted ESPN to pull his classic intro song to “Monday Night Football.” Williams said in a statement posted on Facebook and his website Tuesday that his passion for politics and sports “got the best or worst of me.” Read full article > >
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Williams apologizes for Hitler-Obama analogy, says passion got ‘best or worst’ of him
Several towns in Austria are checking their archives to see if Adolf Hitler is still an honorary citizen of their communities, the BBC’s Bethany Bell in Vienna reports.
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Hitler honour row grips Austria
A delegation from the British Legion met Adolf Hitler in July 1935, recently uncovered photographs show.
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The day the British Legion met Adolf Hitler
The Conservatives start an investigation after a Tory council leader is pictured giving a Nazi salute while wearing an Adolf Hitler costume.
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Council leader dressed as Hitler
The man behind Germany’s first ever major exhibition about Adolf Hitler talks about why the time is right to stage the project.
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Berlin museum’s first Hitler exhibition
A photograph of a little-known World War II spy who sang for Adolf Hitler while concealing secret documents in her knickers is to be sold at auction.
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Revealed: The ‘knicker spy’ who sang for Hitler
They are just four typewritten pages and one notorious signature. But the hastily written Nuremberg laws stripped German Jews of their citizenship, and laid the ground for the murder of millions of people within a decade.
Yet when the remaining Nazi leadership went on trial after the war, that original version of the Nuremberg laws was missing from the mass of documentary evidence of the persecution and extermination of Jews presented to the international court.
Forty-five years later it was revealed that the documents had been filched by General George Patton and then hidden away in the vault of a California library.
Today the four pages, signed by Hitler and stripping Jews of German citizenship, barring their marriage to those defined as Aryan and ultimately defining those consigned to the extermination camps, were reunited with other papers used at the war crimes trials now kept at the US National Archives in Washington.
Patton was notorious for defying orders as his army charged across Europe even while he was a stickler for discipline among his troops. In the waning days of the war a detachment of the US army’s counter-intelligence corps discovered the papers in Eichstätt, Bavaria. Patton appropriated them in breach of orders against looting and the collecting of souvenirs and for Nazi documents to be handed over to war crimes investigators.
Shortly before his death in 1945 Patton quietly gave the papers to the Huntington library in California, which holds a priceless Gutenberg Bible and early editions of Shakespeare and Chaucer. Patton grew up near the library and his father worked for its founder, Henry Huntington, a railway baron.
Apparently embarrassed at receiving the historic and chilling documents over which neither Patton nor the library could claim legal ownership, the Huntington stuck them in a reinforced vault.
“We were aware that General Patton, who had received the documents from his staff as a gift and deposited them at the Huntington, had not paid attention in his souvenir hunting to the orders of his commander in chief,” the library’s president, Steve Koblik, told the Associated Press. “Had General Patton not taken these documents, they would have been part of the collection the government was putting together in order to prepare for the Nuremberg trials.”
The laws, drafted at the Nazi party’s 1935 Nuremberg rally, were the first legal step to identifying and defining who was German and who was Jewish given the large number of secular and highly assimilated Jews in Germany. Germans were those who had four grandparents with “German or kindred blood”. Jews were defined as descended from three or four grandparents who were Jewish. Anyone in between was defined as Mischling or crossbreed.
Among other restrictions, the laws forbade Jews to fly the Nazi or German flags but did permit them “to display the Jewish colours”.
“The exercise of this right is protected by the state,” the laws said.
Although viewed today as the first legal step to broader persecution and eventually genocide, the Nuremberg laws were not entirely alien to older Germans. Until 1870 Jews in the evolving Prussian-led confederation that would become Germany were not recognised as citizens, and had their rights restricted no matter how many generations their families had lived there for.
• This article was amended on 27 August 2010. The original said that until 1870 Jews “in Germany” were not recognised as citizens. This has been corrected.
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Williams apologizes for Hitler-Obama analogy, says passion got ‘best or worst’ of him
Tuesday, October 4th, 2011Nuremberg laws that General Patton stole given to US National Archives
Thursday, August 26th, 2010
This article titled “Nuremberg laws that General Patton stole given to US National Archives” was written by Chris McGreal in Washington, for The Guardian on Wednesday 25th August 2010 18.44 UTC